<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<rfc xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude" category="info" docName="draft-hallambaker-jscontact-03" indexInclude="false" ipr="trust200902" scripts="Common,Latin" sortRefs="true" submissionType="independent" symRefs="true" tocDepth="3" tocInclude="true" version="3" xml:lang="en"><front>
<title abbrev="JSContact Extensions">JSContact Extensions</title>
<seriesInfo name="draft-hallambaker-jscontact-03" value="draft-hallambaker-jscontact" stream="independent"/>
<author fullname="Phillip Hallam-Baker" initials="P. M." surname="Hallam-Baker"><organization>ThresholdSecrets.com</organization>
<address>
<email>phill@hallambaker.com</email>
</address>
</author>
<date day="2" month="May" year="2025"/>
<area/>
<workgroup/>
<keyword>Identity</keyword>
<keyword>Cryptography</keyword>
<keyword>OAUTH</keyword>
<abstract>
<t>Extensions to the JSContact data model for contact card data are defined to provide improved support for describing cryptographic credentials to be used with applications and services and to provide support for authenticated updates to a contact card.</t>
</abstract>
</front>
<middle>
<section title="Introduction" anchor="n-introduction"><t>This document defines extensions to the JSContact data model for contact card data <xref target="RFC9553"></xref> to provide improved support for describing cryptographic credentials to be used with applications and services and to provide support for authenticated updates to a contact card.</t>
<t>The key design considerations for these extensions are as follows:</t>
<t>Maintain compatibility with the approach in the base specification. Avoiding unexpected behavior from legacy applications.</t>
<t>Allow cryptographic credentials to be specified as JSON Web Key Sets <xref target="RFC7517"></xref>.</t>
<t>Provide more descriptive information for use of cryptographic credentials, in particular specifying which key is to be used with which information service.</t>
<t>Allow specification of groups of related email addresses and information services.</t>
<t>In addition, specific guidance is provided on specifying credentials for use with S/MIME, OpenPGP, SSH and Code Signing.</t>
<section title="Linking Keys to Services" anchor="n-linking-keys-to-services"><t>JSContact allows a card to specify online services and cryptographic keys but does not provide a means of specifying which key is to be used for which purpose. This is a particular problem with key formats used to support a wide range of applications, an OpenPGP key may be used to sign email or sign a repository commit.</t>
<t>The EmailAddress object and OnlineService object are extended to add a keys property which <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> be used to specify the key identifiers of the related keys.</t>
<t>For example, Alice has an email address entry that has keys for signing and encrypting emails using S/MIME and OpenPGP.</t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "emails" : {
  "EmailAddress":{
    "@type":"EmailAddress",
    "address":"alice@example.com",
    "label":"Main email",
    "keys":{
      "MCBG-ZSI4-XSWX-UNEE-GU6X-YTBZ-XPH5":"smime",
      "MBZ7-F2MR-7M6K-XFN3-K7MM-SZAD-WSVH":"smime",
      "MDLO-2KK6-HUHT-ZX4Q-4PMO-QL7Y-FCUS":"openpgp",
      "MDKY-BZJ4-HOGY-UC4K-F7PO-7M3J-I5TW":"openpgp"}}},
    ...
    }</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="Enhanced specification of cryptographic credentials" anchor="n-enhanced-specification-of-cryptographic-credentials"><t>The JSContact cryptokeys property allows a card to specify cryptographic credentials as URIs but not their intended uses. A data URI containing an X.509v3 certificate might be intended for use with S/MIME, for code signing or some entirely unrelated purpose. Best design practice encourages the use of common cryptographic infrastructures to support a wide range of applications but best use practices encourage limiting the use of particular cryptographic keys to a single application.</t>
<t>The use of the JSON Web Key (JWK) format provides a much richer format for describing cryptographic keys and their properties than a URI and a media type. </t>
<t>For example, Bob is trying to send an encrypted email to Alice, her contact card lists two keys but only one is an encryption key with the JWK <tt>use</tt> parameter <tt>enc</tt>:</t>
<t>[NB: This example is showing presentation as a JWK raw key alone, we would probably want to present the certificate as well]</t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "cryptoKeys" : {"MCBG-ZSI4-XSWX-UNEE-GU6X-YTBZ-XPH5" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"wQ_sVNL3ovdrIvbWIpxy-ln3QFDSE9RhEFD5hHTzbvk8eXXjZnE0rl_Z2I
an6_2Wdl9Z3COsmuZImFCl-ndcc4EwYuHhjplxx-eH9A-DBhOPxuJ_OXAXrEauVhwv
4VjC5sw1GHJGFkZ8G3SzCL94tMmcmh-QuMUDbq7y7ie9tuxiTWLPWTWO0O4muoh9Zz
w8fdQ3hbkP8-hY_3SjCiBuVDRDWT-6qpQgnJSC1bRCJpJN4UtTBzAHb93N0JuJzKyg
F3ztc4Si0NXXbWhdDweqWfVylCWQww0F3_GCUk5dwR1l8JgFxyeorP6Jbd0cBIzZte
Op1RBvvWzIuQyVLBgCIQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}},
"MBZ7-F2MR-7M6K-XFN3-K7MM-SZAD-WSVH" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"v9fXZRamyNnGWIf-fszlW5PDA0CgUH0467u3iAO8pK4LRCPTnof3XWoNx4
bpypC7w6lgFXDThvnEUCgWcMyrmTRnNrLiLyZSXQTIXJJSG_o4V-Js1nC4dMvai47H
umQkFk1vHh_YgOIjETlkdrSXyN35fvfj4Wo7TvU1Sp4SsZdknju9AfFKQjZ1KHJN5c
_ynS2Tm6txRjMLBzRNgQ617zKC_gB9x8KD8jhJJlMBHG6nse-65GH_zsNXWm2Dbkb4
dPYN91P7ZqU5Ce9TYN52518SSsgfJH0UHdm-Dzg5uJZSEEASamLlhf-6f6dLL3r8ch
Q0x7lNRHoDA7BdJ9CioQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}}
...
}</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="Groups" anchor="n-groups"><t>It is often convenient to organize related email addresses and online services used for a common purpose into groups.</t>
<t>For example, Alice might create separate sets of SSH, repository commit signing and code signing keys for code development:</t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "groups" : {
  "Group":{
    "@type":"Group",
    "label":"Developer Key Set",
    "members":{
      "MANE-YN3A-RSJ2-YCTB-6TN3-VHPT-CNU6":true,
      "MA5Z-KE6T-43JR-MNIV-FNZO-VQWC-SQJW":true,
      "MBYV-APCA-NCFR-E2XD-CJD2-Y72C-6QNU":true,
      "MBLT-BPEH-4ROU-SAYA-F5ET-CJ4R-NVMO":true,
      "MC4D-JUY4-RJLA-RO7I-VB2O-5ZDL-O3V3":true,
      "MD2G-TVLC-OIOG-HC2Q-36SZ-7JWZ-BIMG":true,
      "MCAL-WYVC-DYDY-4B2G-SM4A-AIYY-ESOB":true}}},
    ...
    }</sourcecode>
<t>Each group identifier is specified as an online service: </t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "onlineServices" : {"MANE-YN3A-RSJ2-YCTB-6TN3-VHPT-CNU6" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"ssh",
  "keys":{
    "MCZW-XTEJ-W6XG-GLXN-X454-UBNP-E7Y2":"ssh"}},
"MA5Z-KE6T-43JR-MNIV-FNZO-VQWC-SQJW" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"commit",
  "label":"commit",
  "keys":{
    "MADC-JRWU-N2LX-MH5C-3VLC-C2VW-SFM2":"credential"}},
"MBYV-APCA-NCFR-E2XD-CJD2-Y72C-6QNU" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"code",
  "contexts":{
    "Pkix":true},
  "label":"code Pkix",
  "keys":{
    "MB5J-ETWT-HP52-PKN3-YLYT-UBPR-6VY5":"credential"}}
...
}</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="Authenticated Locators" anchor="n-authenticated-locators"><t>The features described in this document are designed to support but not require the exchange of JSContact data by means of an Encrypted Authenticated Resource Locator (EARL) <xref target="draft-hallambaker-earl"></xref>. An EARL is a URI form that contains a multi-purpose key that <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> be used to locate, decrypt and authenticate an associated ciphertext package.</t>
<t>For example, Alice's JSContact information might be retrievable from the EARL:</t>
<t>jscontact://example.com/ekf7-qfax-noh4-sxn4-ycdf-k7x4-obml </t>
<t>Alice might publish her EARL on her business card either as text or as a machine readable code such as a QR code. Alternatively, Alice might publish the information as a prefixed DNS TXT record in the domain she uses as her DNS handle:</t>
<sourcecode>_jscontact.alice.example.com TXT "jscontact=jscontact://example.com/e
    kf7-qfax-noh4-sxn4-ycdf-k7x4-obml"</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="Authenticated Updates" anchor="n-authenticated-updates"><t>The authenticated locator mechanisms described above are intended to be used to establish a 'first contact' between the parties preserving the maximum possible degree of trust from the context.</t>
<t>Once the initial contact exchange has been achieved, the credentials exchanged in that first contact <bcp14>SHOULD</bcp14> be used to obtain and authenticate future updates.</t>
<t>Contact cards that support updates <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> include a UID property. Updates to contact cards <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> specify the same UID value.</t>
<t>The <tt>updates</tt> property provides an open framework for describing the update mechanisms supported. The mechanisms provided to update the contact <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> be different from the mechanism originally used to distribute it.</t>
<t>For example, Alice publishes her current contact card by means of a DNS TXT record containing an EARL and a QR code encoding the same EARL on the business card she presents when meeting people in person. Applications <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> update the card by polling the URI specified in the updates entry and verifying the signature on the plaintext enveloped data returned.</t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "updates" : {
"update1" : {
  "@type":"Update",
  "uri":"https://contacts.example.com/NDHF-6WRH-SAV3-AS3Z-6ATJ-K6RW
-Y6ZL",
  "keys":{
    "MAJ5-DV7W-NCIM-3HRT-LQZI-6MM6-YZAO":"sign"}}}
    ...
    "cryptoKeys" : {
"MAJ5-DV7W-NCIM-3HRT-LQZI-6MM6-YZAO" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"OKP",
    "kid":"MAJ5-DV7W-NCIM-3HRT-LQZI-6MM6-YZAO",
    "crv":"Ed448",
    "x":"jDnvvAHZyXEHnEI_rRcIgenvvSMc_lOSByLInr-vHF7hwZuYe6f4Do-4La
GMgVeZ8iSr4eAVYlMA"}}}
    ...
    }</sourcecode>
<t>Since it is easier to update information on a Web site than in DNS or on a business card, it is likely that some users will prefer to use these mechanisms to distribute pro-forma contact information consisting of basic contact information and update information alone. Therefore, contact applications <bcp14>SHOULD</bcp14> attempt to update contact cards providing update information on receipt.</t>
<t>Retrieving a plaintext signed contact assertion via HTTPS provides a simple but limited update mechanism providing end-to-end integrity but not confidentiality. While the contact information is delivered over an encrypted transport, the contact card is stored unencrypted on the server which may not be acceptable in certain applications. Another limitation is that the relying party is required to poll the contact service for updates. A more sophisticated updates protocol might provide update notifications. Such considerations are outside the scope of this document and left for future work.</t>
<t>[Remark: It would be really easy to add a JOSE based encryption scheme and pass a decryption key in the initial contact.]</t>
<t>A contact card <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> specify multiple update mechanisms providing a degree of resilience in the case that a publication service stops providing service. </t>
<t>For example, Alice might choose three independent contact directory services publishing her contact information on all three ensuring that the people she has shared her contact information with can remain in contact with her years or even decades after the initial contact exchange.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section title="Definitions" anchor="n-definitions"><t>This section presents the related specifications and standards, the terms that are used as terms of art within the documents and the terms used as requirements language.</t>
<section title="Requirements Language" anchor="n-requirements-language"><t>The key words "<bcp14>MUST</bcp14>", "<bcp14>MUST NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>REQUIRED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHALL</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHALL NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHOULD</bcp14>", "<bcp14>SHOULD NOT</bcp14>", "<bcp14>RECOMMENDED</bcp14>", "<bcp14>MAY</bcp14>", and "<bcp14>OPTIONAL</bcp14>" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 <xref target="RFC2119"></xref>.</t>
</section>
<section title="Defined Terms" anchor="n-defined-terms"><t>TBS</t>
</section>
<section title="Related Specifications" anchor="n-related-specifications"><dl>
<dt>JSContact: A JSON Representation of Contact Data <xref target="RFC9553"></xref>.</dt>
<dd>
<t>Describes the format used for contact data interchange.</t>
</dd>
<dt>Encrypted Authenticated Resource Locator <xref target="draft-hallambaker-earl"></xref>.</dt>
<dd>
<t>Describes a URI form that provides means of retrieving, decrypting and authenticating an associated ciphertext.</t>
</dd>
</dl>
</section>
<section title="Implementation Status" anchor="n-implementation-status"><t>Reference code under the MIT Open Source license has been developed to demonstrate all the features described in this document.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section title="Card Extensions" anchor="n-card-extensions"><section title="Metadata Properties" anchor="n-metadata-properties"><section title="update" anchor="n-update"><t>updates: Id[Update] (optional).</t>
<t>The update mechanisms that <bcp14>MAY</bcp14> be used to provide Card updates.</t>
<t>An Update object has all properties of the Resource (Section 1.4.4) data type, with the following additional definitions:</t>
<t>The @type property value <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be "Calendar", if set</t>
<t>keys: Id[Boolean] (optional).</t>
<t>The identifiers used within this contact card to identify keys to be used with this update mechanism.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section title="Contact Properties" anchor="n-contact-properties"><t>This section defines a means of grouping contact properties and extends the contact properties specified in <xref target="RFC9553"></xref>.</t>
<section title="groups" anchor="n-groups-0"><t>groups: Id[OnlineService] (optional).</t>
<t>The online services that are associated with the entity represented by the Card. This can be messaging services, social media profiles, and other</t>
<t>@type: String.</t>
<t>The JSContact type of the object. The value <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be "Group", if set.</t>
<t>contexts: String[Boolean] (optional).</t>
<t>The contexts in which to use the service</t>
<t>Members Id[Boolean] (required)</t>
<t>The identifiers used within this contact card to identify email addresses or online services belonging to this group.</t>
<t>label: String (optional).</t>
<t>A custom label for the value.</t>
</section>
<section title="EmailAddress object" anchor="n-emailaddress-object"><t>The EmailAddress object is extended to add the following property:</t>
<t>keys: Id[Boolean] (optional).</t>
<t>The identifiers used within this contact card to identify keys to be used with this email address.</t>
</section>
<section title="OnlineService object" anchor="n-onlineservice-object"><t>The OnlineService object is extended to add the following property:</t>
<t>keys: Id[Boolean] (optional).</t>
<t>The identifiers used within this contact card to identify keys to be used with this email address.</t>
</section>
</section>
<section title="Resource Properties" anchor="n-resource-properties"><t>This section defines additional properties for digital resources associated with the entity represented by the Card.</t>
<section title="Jwks" anchor="n-jwks"><t>jwkss: Id[Jwks] (optional).</t>
<t>The cryptographic resources such as public keys and certificates associated with the entity represented by the Card.</t>
<t>A Jwks object has all properties of the Resource (Section 1.4.4) data type, with the following additional definitions:</t>
<t>The @type property value <bcp14>MUST</bcp14> be " Jwks ", if set.</t>
<t>data:JWK[]</t>
<t>Where JWK is a JSON Web Key as specified in <xref target="RFC7517"></xref>.</t>
</section>
</section>
</section>
<section title="Application Profiles" anchor="n-application-profiles"><t>This section provides guidance on how to encode cryptographic keys for specific applications.</t>
<t>This section is intentionally left unfinished to solicit input from the relevant expert groups.</t>
<section title="S/MIME" anchor="n-smime"><t>S/MIME (Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) provides a consistent way to send and receive secure MIME data over SMTP and other messaging transports.</t>
<t>Certificates issued for use with S/MIME are commonly used for other purposes, for example TLS client authentication. For the purposes of this discussion, our focus is strictly limited to the use of the certificate for messaging.</t>
<t>If the messaging protocol is SMTP, the service is specified as an EmailAddress, otherwise the OnlineService structure is used with the appropriate service specifier.</t>
<t>Strawman proposal:</t>
<ul>
<li>Use a single JWK entry with an x5c to specify the encryption key cert, signature key cert and cert path.</li>
<li>Specify the JWK in the keys section of the corresponding EmailAddress or OnlineService with the key identifier of the corresponding JWK and the 'smime' use.</li>
</ul>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "cryptoKeys" : {"MCBG-ZSI4-XSWX-UNEE-GU6X-YTBZ-XPH5" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"wQ_sVNL3ovdrIvbWIpxy-ln3QFDSE9RhEFD5hHTzbvk8eXXjZnE0rl_Z2I
an6_2Wdl9Z3COsmuZImFCl-ndcc4EwYuHhjplxx-eH9A-DBhOPxuJ_OXAXrEauVhwv
4VjC5sw1GHJGFkZ8G3SzCL94tMmcmh-QuMUDbq7y7ie9tuxiTWLPWTWO0O4muoh9Zz
w8fdQ3hbkP8-hY_3SjCiBuVDRDWT-6qpQgnJSC1bRCJpJN4UtTBzAHb93N0JuJzKyg
F3ztc4Si0NXXbWhdDweqWfVylCWQww0F3_GCUk5dwR1l8JgFxyeorP6Jbd0cBIzZte
Op1RBvvWzIuQyVLBgCIQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}},
"MBZ7-F2MR-7M6K-XFN3-K7MM-SZAD-WSVH" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"v9fXZRamyNnGWIf-fszlW5PDA0CgUH0467u3iAO8pK4LRCPTnof3XWoNx4
bpypC7w6lgFXDThvnEUCgWcMyrmTRnNrLiLyZSXQTIXJJSG_o4V-Js1nC4dMvai47H
umQkFk1vHh_YgOIjETlkdrSXyN35fvfj4Wo7TvU1Sp4SsZdknju9AfFKQjZ1KHJN5c
_ynS2Tm6txRjMLBzRNgQ617zKC_gB9x8KD8jhJJlMBHG6nse-65GH_zsNXWm2Dbkb4
dPYN91P7ZqU5Ce9TYN52518SSsgfJH0UHdm-Dzg5uJZSEEASamLlhf-6f6dLL3r8ch
Q0x7lNRHoDA7BdJ9CioQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}}
...
}</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="OpenPGP" anchor="n-openpgp"><t>OpenPGP provides encryption with public key or symmetric cryptographic algorithms, digital signatures, compression, and key management.</t>
<t>OpenPGP key management is commonly used for many purposes including signing repository commits. For the purposes of this section, our focus is strictly limited to the use of keys for messaging.</t>
<t>If the messaging protocol is SMTP, the service is specified as an EmailAddress, otherwise the OnlineService structure is used with the appropriate service specifier.</t>
<t>Strawman proposal:</t>
<ul>
<li>User specifies their OpenPGP primary key as an OnlineService with service type 'openpgp'. This is also the place any key server information would be placed.</li>
<li>The first key in the keys entry of the service is the key identifier of the primary key</li>
<li>The sub keys are the following keys</li>
<li>The corresponding key entries are of type JsonWebKey</li>
<li>The key data is specified as a binary data property</li>
<li>Other services specify the subkeys that they use.</li>
</ul>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "cryptoKeys" : {"MDLO-2KK6-HUHT-ZX4Q-4PMO-QL7Y-FCUS" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"yrgyxhrOO02riEZNfQx6AFGuiM4qBakQDVHZa_TmQc_POENfR9xQaSbmAf
cprEkBPhItmlRL9I-2AjhIl21n3rybi4s0LVlwFIwJtiZo0TXRvti4AgSi7yQZnI67
jgrBHpZBv4KP2B9QMKJgqGtIMoTshEvuEQDZ2V53xxdxW4VKOLnH5XElxLA1j1aPef
ztFS8MarInkDcPOGrBDRerGaUO8d32V3VXo-8yv7sZJHIjJng3LTu3XP2Fye6aEGUH
6WB-TrChA8FdOFfT5lz0w4bN_uc1Kg_TA7YuioH1txSrVUtTVwVoGZZrMaFnq6ac6p
BfCjWkAuq8eL1v3TYTzQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}},
"MDKY-BZJ4-HOGY-UC4K-F7PO-7M3J-I5TW" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"tCvIREuhrjlHH7E5RkKOIPweeuR-hJK9X5HXzBn6ytucfCceJ7pfbFroWV
BQa9NgahF5GaRI4g-FT6nmm5xaYxDqt2SxOfaK62oFOwEk7077GsKyfWOxvfbmLCx8
G260P8wtJAR18z4ZsxEMUlKAKuglpcAjS1YVovJmgvqOCpLurBsDTFFh3m3-Y1shvz
67aSgu_p-Do3642sOQjzjVzpSlkuNfPpq8U6kEqflXKN-_bYHdyyjrK_GpONKyUSx5
RUV338DQqq3OC-ceEcsXRadH46l8Gtp9xCB1M1iwByR2pEtQ2GI4TYMWH7IFXPHz84
cRyaKg1RGvpRU6g1GGZQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}}
...
}</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="SSH" anchor="n-ssh"><t>Although the SSH protocol does support certificates these are not currently widely used on the client side and it is not clear that the use case of a single user specifying multiple SSH client keys for use on multiple devices has been fully distinguished from the use case of a corporation certifying keys for multiple employees.</t>
<t>If the user only has a client single key for a given use, this can be specified as JWK public key parameters.</t>
<t>If the user is making use of client side SSH certificates to provision each device with separate SSH credentials, the contact card should specify the SSH certificate.</t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "onlineServices" : {"MALY-CBST-ZST3-KC24-7MJO-COMV-2YHD" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"ssh",
  "label":"Main SSH key",
  "keys":{
    "MCWA-K3WT-H334-236P-OL4I-FEPY-NFYU":"ssh"}},
"MANE-YN3A-RSJ2-YCTB-6TN3-VHPT-CNU6" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"ssh",
  "keys":{
    "MCZW-XTEJ-W6XG-GLXN-X454-UBNP-E7Y2":"ssh"}}}

{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "cryptoKeys" : {"MCWA-K3WT-H334-236P-OL4I-FEPY-NFYU" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"zH9C7jhIbv7vEewyxMWPqF7xsfPSkkC8CFKzVHoiNODPwiHT8hEJY616h2
KaIJMHYIKesFbfHoiK_N79zpQ3Hggk7z_yBCoJcaths37EO0QrZtgOlSNmXgZfhxdJ
kn3gAEh3H2J2kNAhQ8zhZzNa72pU74MsUkw3gBjMR_eEV71QcgVA4xBdNS_-842VF4
R8wH9xHtBSjLw0WkkJfy1aFo-sibAREvOI-vyJbwc9DJ5r0MOm3zudth4QiBLn7ZR2
qcUmMEWsqPibzGtGSeZ09t4-GpZETBm5t0eXzXNOENZ2aVQYxsmATNUiIO027GqxML
FrsDJ4L2Z2QLN6wbvePQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}},
"MCZW-XTEJ-W6XG-GLXN-X454-UBNP-E7Y2" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"RSA",
    "use":"any",
    "n":"tlLMk1YZTUPQmtw9aIo_bPAz5A9JMdQFEYeODrAfSDNdNiKHUnH1YZ-Z0p
F9ujj5qLP8NwvYMpgpZQ4bNj1n7rxUjElLJ9bCkmtRBdj-WxHz6uQLg1pczYswGGlp
bFqBjj0Vs8DMLPb3yFp09DbkrKkYX0AA5LYTQJbeVIudxvNk0skbBRmX0nTfWlUqHD
a8YwvNIcbOCZw_MXaSP5ccKnjnQ-dBsXshDgFEbtv6eunEggTz7K298NQ-qZJezbg2
XeCRaJC0Z3i6PcGSlXWBMBSsdI79uHv0sik1vXCncoB7EybuiTc-kujAkGS-ubsIB5
heHnuYyIbV7THVz8r-rQ",
    "e":"AQAB"}}}</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="Code Signing" anchor="n-code-signing"><t>Code signing typically makes use of PKIX certificates. While a single certificate could in practice be used for multiple platforms, each code signing program tends to have their own requirements and set of recognized CAs.</t>
<t>It is however useful for a user to specify their own personal hierarchy with a personal root for testing and development purposes. </t>
<t>A developer may have multiple code signing keys for the same platform. For example, separate signing keys for each development machine.</t>
<t>Some mechanism is required to allow development and production keys to be distinguished.</t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "onlineServices" : {"MBYV-APCA-NCFR-E2XD-CJD2-Y72C-6QNU" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"code",
  "contexts":{
    "Pkix":true},
  "label":"code Pkix",
  "keys":{
    "MB5J-ETWT-HP52-PKN3-YLYT-UBPR-6VY5":"credential"}},
"MBLT-BPEH-4ROU-SAYA-F5ET-CJ4R-NVMO" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"code",
  "contexts":{
    "Windows":true},
  "label":"code Windows",
  "keys":{
    "MBTU-3MDN-JDDN-SCSF-BVAW-HI6N-Y723":"credential"}},
"MC4D-JUY4-RJLA-RO7I-VB2O-5ZDL-O3V3" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"code",
  "contexts":{
    "Apple":true},
  "label":"code Apple",
  "keys":{
    "MBRV-LFME-QG6X-KSQ4-MCFJ-3V3A-IDNI":"credential"}},
"MD2G-TVLC-OIOG-HC2Q-36SZ-7JWZ-BIMG" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"code",
  "contexts":{
    "Android":true},
  "label":"code Android",
  "keys":{
    "MAK3-DRVN-EKIG-YRPG-RL5S-OX4C-7YOV":"credential"}},
"MCAL-WYVC-DYDY-4B2G-SM4A-AIYY-ESOB" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"code",
  "contexts":{
    "Linux":true},
  "label":"code Linux",
  "keys":{
    "MCDD-EMLX-TIBF-KD35-5DA4-HFU3-667H":"credential"}}}

{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "cryptoKeys" : {"MB5J-ETWT-HP52-PKN3-YLYT-UBPR-6VY5" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"EC",
    "use":"any",
    "kid":"MB5J-ETWT-HP52-PKN3-YLYT-UBPR-6VY5",
    "crv":"P-256",
    "x":"qcZuFrfYZjG_vXg-iV8maHo5j9Fhu9SQdKfN9Evyeu4",
    "y":"dWF_CnowfoduCwKGdQ8_2gwanwWWfOeg-B0zocVobIg"}},
"MBTU-3MDN-JDDN-SCSF-BVAW-HI6N-Y723" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"EC",
    "use":"any",
    "kid":"MBTU-3MDN-JDDN-SCSF-BVAW-HI6N-Y723",
    "crv":"P-256",
    "x":"20Ltae6RgfsqbMg4ML_aMls6NCqyY3RLqNHVeCAXCJA",
    "y":"yYHjpKAlGv81RuANkGyvneyf5LNBIa1JHIazTjwzrKc"}},
"MBRV-LFME-QG6X-KSQ4-MCFJ-3V3A-IDNI" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"EC",
    "use":"any",
    "kid":"MBRV-LFME-QG6X-KSQ4-MCFJ-3V3A-IDNI",
    "crv":"P-256",
    "x":"MElPU3-Stkaq0wJk-XNBr43dAc2w2iO8TbxQsDNGb6g",
    "y":"NHexXrZKG0jotHQIweVMMAyfrhkBPWbsox0DlYWWsV4"}},
"MAK3-DRVN-EKIG-YRPG-RL5S-OX4C-7YOV" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"EC",
    "use":"any",
    "kid":"MAK3-DRVN-EKIG-YRPG-RL5S-OX4C-7YOV",
    "crv":"P-256",
    "x":"SfC_qp8WlQDRZqr2J98kyEa7y61RzgwG3aURBXohK-o",
    "y":"5CNsK4vHTG5KU-Ldt6DrSCNxjphkWE0f0NCaa-TEG9g"}},
"MCDD-EMLX-TIBF-KD35-5DA4-HFU3-667H" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"EC",
    "use":"any",
    "kid":"MCDD-EMLX-TIBF-KD35-5DA4-HFU3-667H",
    "crv":"P-256",
    "x":"GLCaAwsFNQDYem3XzjJGG8a4F-N-anrdsnwiMbQlZJ0",
    "y":"CR_ruRnWcdE_lGCFkdhGaVmLeNXjjJOeeJvLWGlBI5c"}}}</sourcecode>
</section>
<section title="Commit Signing" anchor="n-commit-signing"><t>OpenPGP key management is commonly used for signing repository commits.</t>
<t>This use is specified by means of an OnlineService with the service type 'commit' with key entries for the set of authorized signing keys.</t>
<sourcecode>{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "onlineServices" : {"MA5Z-KE6T-43JR-MNIV-FNZO-VQWC-SQJW" : {
  "@type":"OnlineService",
  "service":"commit",
  "label":"commit",
  "keys":{
    "MADC-JRWU-N2LX-MH5C-3VLC-C2VW-SFM2":"credential"}}}

{
    "@type":"Card",
    ...
    "cryptoKeys" : {"MADC-JRWU-N2LX-MH5C-3VLC-C2VW-SFM2" : {
  "@type":"JWK",
  "jwk":{
    "kty":"EC",
    "use":"any",
    "kid":"MADC-JRWU-N2LX-MH5C-3VLC-C2VW-SFM2",
    "crv":"P-256",
    "x":"iouxGIUfn9II9JttLu4rB9UKPSDeUJ5yD4nG7300bfo",
    "y":"hDWZwXZOCb4XycubBpxvv7Usfc0Hj6A3AgMupygdJ20"}}}</sourcecode>
</section>
</section>
<section title="IANA Considerations" anchor="n-iana-considerations"><t>This document does not specify any actions for IANA yet but it will...[TBS]</t>
</section>
<section title="Acknowledgements" anchor="n-acknowledgements"><t>Many thanks to Robert Stepanek who helped refine the approach to extending the schema.</t>
</section>
</middle>
<back>
<references title="Normative References"><reference anchor="RFC2119"><front>
<title>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels</title>
<author fullname="S. Bradner" initials="S." surname="Bradner"><address>
</address>
</author>
<date month="March" year="1997"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="BCP" value="14"/>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="2119"/>
<seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC2119"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="RFC9553"><front>
<title>JSContact: A JSON Representation of Contact Data</title>
<author fullname="R. Stepanek" initials="R." surname="Stepanek"><address>
</address>
</author>
<author fullname="M. Loffredo" initials="M." surname="Loffredo"><address>
</address>
</author>
<date month="May" year="2024"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="9553"/>
<seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC9553"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="RFC7517"><front>
<title>JSON Web Key (JWK)</title>
<author fullname="M. Jones" initials="M." surname="Jones"><address>
</address>
</author>
<date month="May" year="2015"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="RFC" value="7517"/>
<seriesInfo name="DOI" value="10.17487/RFC7517"/>
</reference>
<reference anchor="draft-hallambaker-earl"><front>
<title>Encrypted Authenticated Resource Locator</title>
<author fullname="Phillip Hallam-Baker" initials="P." surname="Hallam-Baker"><organization>ThresholdSecrets.com</organization>
<address>
</address>
</author>
<date day="10" month="April" year="2025"/>
</front>
<seriesInfo name="Internet-Draft" value="draft-hallambaker-earl-00"/>
</reference>
</references>
</back>
</rfc>
